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Bare boards are usually not repaired, as this will create reliability risks for future assembly use, and the price of bare boards is relatively lower than that of assembled boards. In view of the above-mentioned several factors, in the high reliability and military application, the bare board is not allowed to be repaired and reprocessed, and the bare board reprocessing can only be used for commercial purposes. However, the board maintenance must meet the original design requirements and meet the expected reliability and quality standards.
In addition, some used circuit boards need to be repaired and reworked. In most cases, it is necessary to remove the original components and replace a new one. This operation usually needs to be performed manually. For boards with through-holes, maintenance work can be done with simple tools such as soldering irons and wicking braids. On the other hand, for SMD, special reworking stations are needed, depending on the hot air reflow equipment. During the repair process, a large amount of chemicals are needed, especially in the process of cleaning, moisture removal, flux removal, lubricant wiping, and freezing spray to locate thermally sensitive components.
When a printed circuit board is inspected and tested, whether it is a bare board or a fully loaded assembly board, once a defect is found, it is necessary to evaluate a cost-effective maintenance method while providing the user with a product with the same reliability as the original product. Reworking a simple circuit board with only a few defects is usually not economical. However, many circuit boards have a high degree of complexity. A fully loaded assembly board may have a high price. In this case, it may be more economical to reprocess the unqualified product to pass the test.
January 28, 2020