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2. Some people think that in recent years, the domestic papermaking industry is in a very difficult situation, and has a great relationship with its own technology and quality. Compared with the capital and technology-intensive modern paper industry, downstream industries that use paper as the main raw material, such as printing, publishing, packaging, cigarettes, etc., require less funds to modernize, have shorter construction periods, and can quickly To achieve their modernization, it is inevitable that higher quality requirements for paper products are required. Under the current situation of import tariff rates, some imported papers have performance prices that are better than those of national products. Users have the right to choose quality and cheap imported products. For example, there is a large backlog of domestic coated paper and a large amount of imported paper is an example. There is no other way out for the paper industry if it does not accelerate the elimination of inferior forces and improve product performance and price ratio.
3. From the perspective of the existing tariff rates, the tax rate on the main varieties of domestic paper has been reduced to 12%-15% in recent years (the commercial pulp has dropped to zero). Although it is higher than 5%-6% in some developed countries, it is already lower than the average of 20% in countries in Southeast Asia and South Asia. Far less than the 50%-100% tax rate of China's long-term protected automobile industry. A country needs certain protection for its infant industry, but it is overprotected and lacks external pressure. It is even more difficult to change its backwardness. It should be noted that in recent years, foreign-funded enterprises that do not have import duties have developed rapidly. Although the paper has pressure on the overall market, it has not been able to suppress the domestic powerhouse. It is a good thing to turn stress into a driving force for self-improvement. We must welcome the entry of foreign capital, use their capital and technology, and jointly develop with domestic enterprises in competition, and build China into a powerful papermaking industry.
4. Based on the above considerations, from the viewpoint of industrial development strategy, it is believed that after joining the WTO, it will help encourage domestic papermaking enterprises to accelerate the realization of industrial organization structure, management system, product structure, and adjustment and optimization of raw material structure through more fierce market competition. Progress is conducive to attracting foreign capital to solve the lack of capital and technical difficulties in industrial development. This will accelerate the modernization of China's paper industry and solidly increase the competitiveness of the industry. Some problems have already existed. Even if China does not join the WTO, in order to seek the survival and development of the industry, it must also strive to speed up the solution. For example, in order to meet the requirements of national environmental protection, in order to meet the market demand for medium and high-grade products, in order to reduce waste and improve labor productivity to reduce costs, the impact faced by the existing enterprises for accelerating their transformation may exceed 60%. Comparing with foreign peers, in 1988, the total output of paper and primary pulp in China was more than 40 million tons in Japan and Canada, 51,000 in Japan, and 65,000 in Canada, and there were more than 1.2 million people in China. Even if 700,000 people are laid off, labor productivity is still only one-tenth of them. Without accepting this kind of impact, how can China's paper industry modernize and how can it face the competition in the international market? Therefore, from the modernization and development needs of the industry, the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. This understanding seems to be more in-depth and rational.
After entering the WTO, the domestic paper industry needs to consider the countermeasures 1. In the face of upcoming challenges and opportunities, the basic strategy of China's paper industry should focus on improving the overall quality and competitiveness of enterprises - high quality, low cost, high Efficiency and clean production. It is necessary to mobilize positive actions from the entire industry by changing the management mechanism, adjusting the organizational structure, technical structure, raw material structure, and finished product structure of the company. To encourage the development of joint ventures and private enterprises, it is necessary to study the rules of the WTO and international experience, and suggest that the government give the industry appropriate financial support and feasible policy protection.
2. Actively deduce strategic reorganization of existing companies, optimize organizational structure, and increase industrial concentration. We must support and encourage a group of enterprises with strong strength and vitality, and implement cross-regional, cross-sectoral, cross-ownership, cross-industry (such as forestry, packaging, etc.) joint mergers and acquisitions, vertical extension, diversification, etc. The enterprises have established low-cost, ultra-conventional and high-efficiency development and quickly established a number of powerful industrial groups. (Shandong Chenming Group has started this exploration and can be used for reference.) Papermaking entrepreneurs should have a high sense of urgency and urgency. Institutional innovation will open the way for innovation.
3. Enterprises should pay attention to technological transformation and innovation and broaden the road to development. Facing the market, faced with competition, focusing on quality, variety, cost, and environmental protection as the main goals, we made more investigations, made decisive and resolute decisions, and managed to avoid mistakes and strive for practical results. From the perspective of investment efficiency, the first paper after slurry, the more efficient use of waste paper and commercial pulp efficiency; small-scale advantages of small enterprises should pay attention to the development of new varieties and small batch varieties, in order to escape difficulties and survival.
4. Accelerate the elimination of backward productive forces so as to facilitate the growth of advanced productive forces and focus on assistance. China's paper industry must base its efforts on the fiercely competitive international market. Over-protection and backwardness will hinder the development of the overall industry. The elimination of the fittest is also an inevitable trend of development. Take Shandong as an example. In 1995, the province had 805 papermaking enterprises with a total output of 2.31 million tons. In 1999, it reduced to less than 200. In 4 years, it eliminated 3/4 of the total, but the total output rose to 3.53 million tons; The pollution has been relatively reduced, and there have been several star enterprises with strong vitality and rapid development of production and benefits. Shandong is being developed from a papermaking province to a papermaking province.
5. Enterprises must be invincible in the more fierce market competition and achieve smooth development. They will rely heavily on high-tech, high-quality management and technical talents rather than simply capital and material resources. It is therefore one of the basic countermeasures for China's papermaking enterprises to adapt to the new situation by attaching importance to information, knowledge, cultivating and using talents, attaching importance to the combination of production, education, research and marketing, adept decision making, and decisive action. It is also the basic experience that a group of star companies can rise rapidly in recent years.
6. Papermaking is a capital and technology-intensive industry. To join the WTO to participate in international competition, both our capital and technology are at a disadvantage. Relying on the strength of the industry itself, it is important to actively overcome difficulties. At the same time, it is still necessary to seriously study relevant WTO rules and foreign experience and strive for possible government and appropriate financial and policy assistance in order to win valuable time and accelerate the enhancement of competitive strength.
7. Striving for the national government to give priority to the papermaking industry, refer to Japan’s past practices in the machinery industry, increase the interest rate of the National Bank on low-interest and interest-subsidized loans to key enterprises and key projects, and help solve practical difficulties in the development of funds.
8. The WTO allows developing countries to have a higher level of protection than developed countries. For example, if the average import tariff rate is 4% for developed countries and 14% for developing countries, it also allows developing countries to align with WTO regulations. The transition period can be extended by 4-8 years. Based on this, we can suggest that the government's paper import tax rates, especially those that have a severe impact on the domestic market, should be gradually adjusted slightly to moderately reduce the pressure on the industry; there are also some minor minor species whose original tax rate is too high, such as superstitious paper tax rates as high as 40. %, can be significantly reduced to reduce the average paper tax rate.
9. The WTO also has some exceptions. For example, in terms of foreign investment access, developing countries can decide on the direction of foreign capital utilization and the proportion of utilization according to the needs of their own economic development. According to the current papermaking industry policy, only a few items such as banknote paper that cannot be accessed by foreign capital are restricted. From the perspective of China’s national conditions, there are actually a few varieties, such as sanitary paper, thin papers of 32 gram or less, which are more suitable for the transfer of production of small machines and machines in the country. The foreign investment in such products is appropriately limited. Whether it is more suitable for national conditions is worth studying.
10. Pulp shortage is a disadvantage of China's participation in the international paper market competition. Currently, it is necessary to make full use of waste paper resources at home and abroad, and appropriately increase the import of pulp outside the market. It is necessary to support straw mills with a certain scale and good production conditions. , As soon as possible to prevent pollution, improve product quality, so that it can replace imported bleached hardwood pulp for copying high-grade cultural paper, both possible and price advantages.
11. In the current situation where the concentration of domestic papermaking companies is very low, and foreign and private companies are expanding, it is very important to pay attention to the work of industry associations and market credit research services, coordination and coordination among enterprises, and to guide the blindness of development prevention. Unfair competition behavior, and give full play to the link between industry and government. (Paper Weekly)
Impact on the papermaking industry after China's accession to the WTO 1. It is generally believed that as tariffs are lowered after joining the WTO, the price competitiveness of imported paper will increase, and the impact on the domestic market will increase. The second is the opening up of investment markets, the reduction of restrictions on foreign investment, and the granting of preferential treatment for foreign-funded enterprises in the form of national treatment, which will increase the competitive pressures of enterprises that are relatively backward in the country. Therefore, it is believed that after China's accession to the WTO, papermaking companies will fall into a very difficult position. Some departments estimate that after the accession to the WTO, papermaking companies will face an impact of 60%. As some companies have reduced their personnel and collapsed, the number of unemployed people has reached 700,000. The reliance on imported paper has increased further and the industrial situation is severe. Think that the harm is more than benefits.
December 24, 2023