Hardcover book processing operations - shell processing (1)

Third, hardcover book shell processing

1. Book shell production process and requirements. In the production of hardcover book cases, in addition to the plastic bookcases, the hardcover bookcases (ie, dead sets) consist of rigid cardboard, soft cover, and medium-diameter paper.

The cover material of the surface layer is usually made of various fabrics (silk, satin, cloth, hemp, artificial leather). Leather, paint coating and paint coating paper, plastic pressure paper, plastic paper and other soft materials. At the time of production, the whole batter can be made into a book cover and called full. You can also use two kinds of materials to join together to make a book shell, called half.

The inner cardboard (also known as the bone seal) covered by the cover is generally made of a hard material and has a thickness of 1.5 to 2.5 mm. The medium-diameter paper for round-backed books can be used with 120 to 180 g/m2 offset paper or 200 g/m2 paperboard. Square back books can be decorated with hard cardboard.

The front cover, back cover and back cover of the hardcover book are formed by the firm bonding of the surface cover, inner cardboard, and middle diameter paper (or cardboard). After the book shell is made, the middle of the inner layer (ie, where the two cardboards meet) is called the middle diameter (Figure 3-42). The middle distance of the surface layer is called middle waist. The middle diameter and middle waist include the back of the booklet and the width of the two book grooves (slots).

According to different sizes, book covers such as pre-cut cover (or mid-waist), cardboard, and mid-diameter paper (ie, mid-stitch) will be matched, glued, and glued together to form a bookcase. Process operation is called shelling.

Book shell production and processing of two kinds of manual shell and machine shell. Either way, in order to make the rigid cardboard flat after the paste processing, it is not easy to tilt after the sleeve is assembled. In general, the entire cardboard must be flattened with a flattening machine. During the flattening, the moisture in the cardboard is removed by the hot rollers of the flattening machine, so that the paperboard is compacted and flattened. The temperature of the heat roller is generally between 65 and 70°C.

The processing of the enclosures is divided into two types: full and half, with manual and machine operations.

(1) Fully hand-made shells. The process of hand-glued full-text book case (full cloth or full-covered cloth, all-leather surface, etc.) can be divided into brushing, oscillating, pendulum squaring (ie, sew paper) cardboard, wrapping, flattening, drying, etc. .

1 brush glue. The glue is glued on the reverse side of the soft cover material. Melt and modulate the adhesive suitable for the cover material before operation, place the plastic box on the appropriate position of the workbench, place the rubber cover material on the operator's front workbench, and use the brush with the corresponding specifications of the cover material format.

When gluing, smear the middle part of the glue surface with a brush and glue, and then evenly apply the brush to the surrounding area.

Operational requirements:

a. When brushing glue to be uniform, the thickness of the glue layer should be appropriate, do not brush, no seal glue on the four sides of the book.

b. After brushing the plastic wrap, the book case is clean and free of glue, and it is not blistering.

2 swinging shell. Refers to the placement of cardboard and medium-diameter cardboard in a certain position within the back of the plastic cover.

The manual shelling operation is the key to the processing of the bookcase. It not only relates to the shape of the bookcase, but also determines the specifications of the bookcase and the appearance quality of the books and magazines. Therefore, before the shell is shuffled, it is necessary to pre-manufacture the medium-diameter rule plate (that is, the template with the medium-diameter-width distance dimension). The width of the middle diameter rule is calculated and measured based on the thickness of the book block or the arc length of the back of the book.

The pendulum operation sequence is: the cover of the brushed glue is placed on the workbench horizontally, and the position of the first cardboard is fixed (generally, a piece of paperboard on the left is firstly laid out) according to the surrounding edge size, and the visual inspection method is adopted. The three sides of the paperboard are basically the same (Figure 3-43), and then the paperboard is laid flat, and the positioning is compacted; the medium diameter rules are leveled and placed close to the back of the bookcase board, and a second board is placed; When it comes to the first piece of cardboard, align it with the plate in the middle diameter and compact it. Then take out the rules of the medium diameter, take and hold the cardboard on both sides to prevent it from moving, remove the medium diameter rule plate and then put the middle diameter cardboard or middle diameter paper strip, place it in the middle of the two cardboard shells, up and down With two pieces of cardboard flush, flattening and compaction. Finally, check whether the upper and lower edges of the front and back boards are in alignment, whether they are skewed on all sides, whether the width of the four sides is the same, and whether the widths of the four sides are the same can be covered.

3 shells. The soft cover covers the operation of the rigid cardboard after being shuffled. It includes two sides of the package and the plug angle.

The operation sequence is: firstly wrap the upper and lower sides (that is, the head of the sky and the feet of the ground), and then plug the corners and then pack the two sides of the front mouth. When the bag is bright, a thick paper pad can be used to carry the bag under the cover of the book, which is effective (Figure 3-44).

Operational requirements:

a. The four sides of the combined book case must be tightly bonded, and should not be loose, foamed or wrinkled.

b. The surface and corners of the book case must be flat and compacted. When the plug corners are neat and even, the round corners are not sharp, and the square corners are angular and square.

c. Corner book cover, angle material without double layer or exposed sticky angle.

d. Packed book covers should be piled face to face to prevent the adhesive from soiling the surface of the book case.

4 flattened. Flattening is to closely bond the cover of the crate and the paperboard so that the bookcase is firm and flat out.

When the book is lit, it can be based on the speed of drying of the bookcase adhesive material and the temperature and weather changes. If the book case is too dry, there is a warping angle, uneven uplift, and the flattening machine can be used to flatten one by one. If the degree of dryness of the bookcase is normal, it can be naturally flattened by the compaction method of piling it into plutonium. However, attention should be paid to neatness when piling up, and it can also be flattened by using methods such as medium diameter pad paperboard.

(2) Half-side handmade shells. Hand-stuffed half-shell shells, also known as cloth waist shells. Half-shells are more processed than full-scale operations, because the half-shell is made from a mid-waist cloth (or leather). Two pieces of paper (or cloth) are put together and assembled, and the operation is the same as that of the full-body shell. The method can be divided into two types: the first to meet the surface and the first to paste in the waist.

1 first cover the shell method. Also known as masked method. The medium-waist cloth (or leather, etc.) and the two sheets of paper (or cloth) are first bonded to form a full-length cover, and the sticky whole cover is brushed and glued onto the paperboard according to a certain specification after wrapping. Processed into a half-faced book case.

During operation, according to the specifications of the book shell, adjust the rules of the shelf first, put the two cardboards into the rules of the shelf, and then put the cover of the middle waist on the cardboard, making the cover and the cardboard stick. Stick firmly, and finally remove the sticky cover and turn it over. Flatten the book case (Figure 3-45a).

Operational requirements:

a. The sticking mouth of the splicing cover must be consistent, the stickiness is not skewed, and the white edge is not exposed. Generally, the sticking pressure is between 3 and 5 mm.

b. When masking, gestures should be light and accurate. Do not move the cardboard. After the masking, apply pressure to the cover in a smooth manner so that the cardboard and the cover are firmly attached.

2 First paste the waist shell method. Also known as the paste method, that is, first in the waist cloth brush, then two cardboard and medium diameter paper, according to the width of the paste paste, and wrapped in the upper and lower sides of the waist, so that the waist cloth and two cardboard fixed forming. Then, the cover paper (or cloth) with the two corners of the front mouth cut is glued and glued on the front cover board and the rear cover board to form a book cover (Fig. 3-45b).

Operational requirements:

a. The medium-diameter rule should be centered, not skewed, and the paper-pressing edges should be uniform.

b. Paste the adhesive to a proper amount, and then glue it out.

c. When using the paste to measure the position, the requirements are basically accurate, the cover paper edge pressure in waist width along the side of about 3 ~ 5mm, and must not be skewed, both sides of the paper edge up and down the same, not one side wide and one narrow.

d. Paste the cover paper and the cardboard to be flat, no blisters, wrinkles, etc., and the four corners tightly packed.

(3) machine shell. Machines made with machines are called paste sealers or bookcases. A full, half-side book cover can be included. The main operation process is conveying the cover and brushing. Send cardboard and send medium-diameter paperboard, bookcase shell side plug angle, compaction output, finishing inspection and other processes.